Rapid formation of TiC coating on diamond surface through thermal explosion reaction
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摘要: 分别采用Ti/碳黑/diamond和Ti/碳黑/PTFE/diamond粉体为原料，通过热爆反应在金刚石颗粒表面形成以TiC为主的涂层，研究原料中金刚石含量及添加PTFE对金刚石表面TiC涂层的影响。结果表明：2种体系的原料热爆反应后基体的组成为TiC。Ti/碳黑/diamond体系中，当原料中金刚石质量分数为10%～30%时，反应后的金刚石表面均实现良好的TiC涂层涂覆。在Ti/碳黑/PTFE/diamond体系中，当原料中添加质量分数为3%的PTFE并减少原料中碳黑的质量分数时，可明显促进金刚石表面的TiC涂覆；且当原料中金刚石质量分数为80%～90%时，仍可使金刚石颗粒表面实现良好的TiC涂覆。Abstract: Objectives: Coating treatment on the surface of diamond particles is an important technique to effectively overcome the problem of difficult bonding between diamond and substrate, and the thermal explosion reaction is a common surface coating technique for diamond particles. However, this technology has disadvantages such as difficulty in separating diamonds from the product and a low proportion of diamonds, which increases its complexity and production costs, greatly limiting the promotion and application of this technology. This article aims to introduce polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) into thermal explosion reaction technology to form a coating mainly composed of TiC on the surface of diamond particles. It is expected to optimize the coating preparation process and promote the popularization and application of thermal explosion reaction technology in the field of diamond plating, so as to improve the wear resistance and service life of the diamond tools. Methods: Using two raw material systems, Ti/carbon black/diamond and Ti/carbon black/PTFE/diamond powders, the thermal explosion reaction of Ti/carbon black/diamond is induced by the chemical furnace method, and the intense chemical reaction between PTFE and titanium at low temperature ensures that the Ti/carbon black/PTFE/diamond system directly undergoes a thermal explosion reaction. At the same time, the TiC coating can be generated on the surface of diamond particles by adjusting the ratio of raw materials and triggering the thermal explosion reaction under high temperature conditions. The macroscopic morphology of diamond particles before and after coating is observed and compared by optical microscope to roughly infer the plating condition, and the phase compositions of the coating were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Then the scanning electron microscope and the energy dispersive spectroscopy are used to observe the surface morphology of diamond particles, determine the elemental compositions, and infer the surface reaction state. Results: The thermal explosion reaction of both raw material systems can form a TiC coating on the surface of diamond. The main phase of the binder reaction product is TiC, and the main phases of the coating on the surface of diamond particles are TiC and Ti. But for the Ti/carbon black/diamond system, the chemical furnace method is needed to induce a thermal explosion reaction. When the diamond mass fraction in the raw material is 30% or lower, the TiC coating on the surface of the diamond particles is good. When a small amount of PTFE is introduced into the Ti/carbon black/diamond system, the reaction between Ti and PTFE releases a large amount of heat, which induces the thermal explosion reaction between Ti and carbon black and synthesizes TiC, and finally forms a TiC coating on the surface of diamond particles. In addition, the system does not need the chemical furnace method to detonate. When the diamond mass fraction in the raw material is less than or equal to 60%, the diamond particle surface coated with TiC coating is good. At the same time, appropriately reducing the content of carbon black in the raw materials can enable diamond to obtain a good TiC coating on its surface even when the mass fraction of diamond is 90% or higher. Conclusions: TiC coatings are prepared on the surface of diamond particles using thermal explosion reaction technology, and the important effects of raw material compositions and PTFE additives on the formation of diamond particles' surface coating are revealed. Adding an appropriate amount of PTFE can directly induce the thermal explosion reaction, which greatly promotes the increase of the proportion of diamond in the raw material, and effectively improves the formation quality of the coating. This can greatly save binder powder, thereby reducing production costs, while obtaining loose powder products that are easy to separate from diamonds. In addition, drawing on the work of this study, other carbide materials (such as SiC) can be analogously extended for coating on the surface of diamond particles, thereby promoting the promotion and the application of thermal explosion reactions in diamond coating.
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Key words:
- Ti-TiC coating /
- diamond /
- thermal explosion /
- PTFE
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图 3 不同金刚石质量分数下分离出来的金刚石颗粒外观
Figure 3. Appearances of diamond particles separated under different diamond mass fractions
图 4 反应后试样中分离出来的结合剂和金刚石XRD图谱
Figure 4. XRD patterns of binder and diamond separated from the sample after reaction
图 5 金刚石质量分数为10%和30%时反应后分离出来的金刚石颗粒的SEM形貌和能谱图
Figure 5. SEM morphologies and EDS spectrum of diamond particles separated after reaction when the mass fraction of diamond is 10% and 30%
图 6 不同金刚石质量分数下反应后金刚石颗粒的外观
Figure 6. Appearances of diamond particles after reaction under different diamond mass fractions
图 7 热爆反应后试样中金刚石的XRD图谱
Figure 7. XRD patterns of diamond in samples after thermal explosion reaction
图 8 金刚石质量分数为20%和40%时反应后分离出来的金刚石颗粒的SEM形貌
Figure 8. SEM morphologies of diamond particles separated after reaction when the mass fraction of diamond is 20% and 40%
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