小直径磨棒磨削加工TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料GT35

邵梦博; 陈博川; 高晓星; 袁松梅

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2021.3007

小直径磨棒磨削加工TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料GT35

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2021.3007

邵梦博^{1, 2, 3,},
陈博川^{1, 2, 3},
高晓星^{1, 2, 3},
袁松梅^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院, 北京 100191
2.
北京市高效绿色数控加工工艺及装备工程技术研究中心, 北京 100191
3.
北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院, 浙江宁波 315100

基金项目: 基础科研计划(JCKY2018601B201)。

详细信息

通讯作者:
袁松梅，女，1971年生，教授、博士生导师。主要研究方向：先进加工技术及装备、医工结合。E-mail：yuansm@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG74; TG58; TQ164
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-23
- 修回日期: 2022-01-28
- 录用日期: 2022-05-01
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-13

Grinding of TiC particle-reinforced steel-matrix composite GT35 with small diameter grinding rods

SHAO Mengbo^{1, 2, 3
,},
CHEN Bochuan^{1, 2, 3},
GAO Xiaoxing^{1, 2, 3},
YUAN Songmei^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
2.
Beijing Engineering Technological Research Center of High-Efficient and Green CNC Machining Process and Equipment, Beijing 100191, China
3.
Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料GT35合理的加工参数和冷却润滑条件，研究其对切削力、表面质量及刀具磨损的影响规律，采用小直径磨棒以侧面磨削方式开展试验。结果表明：干磨削会引起磨棒烧伤，极压磨削油的润滑效果优于水基合成磨削液的；磨棒在极压磨削油润滑下，磨削工件12 min后进入稳定磨损状态，其主要磨损形式为磨粒破碎、磨粒磨耗和磨粒脱落；主轴转速对切削力的影响大于进给速度的，且转速越高，切削力越小；工件表面粗糙度主要与磨棒磨粒出露高度的平整度有关，受加工参数的影响较小。用小直径磨棒磨削加工GT35材料时，应选择极压磨削油润滑，高主轴转速、中速进给的加工方式，以获得良好的刀具寿命、工件加工表面质量及适当的加工效率。
- 碳化钛颗粒增强钢基复合材料 /
- 磨削 /
- 冷却润滑 /
- 刀具磨损 /
- 工艺特征
Abstract: Side milling experiments with small diameter grinding rods were carried out on TiC particle-reinforced steel-matrix composite to investigate the reasonable machining parameters and the cooling and lubrication conditions for this material, and to understand the influence of machining parameters on cutting forces, surface quality and tool wear. The results show that dry cutting and water-based synthetic grinding fluids lubrication are not as effective as extreme pressure grinding oil lubrication, especially that dry cutting causes tool burn. With extreme pressure grinding oil lubrication, the tool wear is stable after 12 minutes of continuous grinding, the main wear forms of which are fracture of abrasive grain wear, abrasive grain breakage and abrasive grain shedding. It is also found that the influence of spindle speed on cutting force is greater than that of feed speed, namely higher spindle speed leading to smaller cutting force, and that the machined surface roughness is mainly related to the level of tool abrasive grain but less affected by spindle speed and feed speed. In conclusion, when grinding TiC particle-reinforced steel-matrix composites, the conditions of extreme pressure grinding oil lubrication, high spindle speed and medium feed rate are recommended to obtain good tool life, surface quality and appropriate processing efficiency.
- titanium carbide particle-reinforced steel matrix composites /
- grinding /
- cooling and lubrication /
- tool wear /
- process characteristics

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图 1 GT35材料表面微观形貌

Figure 1. Surface micromorphology of GT35

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图 2 侧面磨削加工过程示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of the side grinding process

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图 3 试验系统设置图

Figure 3. Test system set-up diagram

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图 4 试验中所使用的磨棒和工件

Figure 4. Grinding rods and workpieces used in the tests

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图 5 切屑形貌及其附着在磨棒表面状态

Figure 5. Chip morphology and chip adhesion to grinding rod surface

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图 6 磨棒表面状态

Figure 6. Grinding rod surface condition

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图 7 水油接触角示意图

Figure 7. Water-oil contact angle diagram

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图 8 不同冷却方式下切削力变化图

Figure 8. Graph of cutting force variation with different cooling methods

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图 9 不同磨削液对加工表面质量的影响

Figure 9. Influence of different grinding fluids on the quality of the machined surface

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图 10 磨棒磨损状态曲线图

Figure 10. Grinding rod wear status graphs

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图 11 剧烈磨损阶段磨棒挠曲变形状态

Figure 11. Grinding rod flexural deformation in the severe wear phase

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图 12 金刚石磨粒破碎观测图

Figure 12. Diamond abrasive grain fracture observation diagram

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图 13 金刚石磨粒磨耗磨损观测图

Figure 13. Diamond abrasive wear observation diagram

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图 14 金刚石磨粒脱落观测图

Figure 14. Observation chart for diamond abrasive grain shedding

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图 15 试验中所采集的切削力

Figure 15. Cutting forces collected during the test

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图 16 磨棒几何尺寸对切削的影响

Figure 16. Influence of grinding rod geometry on cutting

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图 17 工艺参数对切削力的影响

Figure 17. Influence of process parameters on cutting forces

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图 18 工艺参数对表面质量的影响

Figure 18. Influence of process parameters on surface quality

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图 19 加工表面成型示意图

Figure 19. Schematic diagram of machining surface forming

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图 20 GT35加工后的表面形貌

Figure 20. Surface profile of GT35 after machining

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表 1 冷却润滑试验参数设置

Table 1. Cooling-lubrication test parameter setting

参数	取值
主轴转速 n₁ / (r·min⁻¹)	15 000
进给速度 v_f / (mm·min⁻¹)	30
切削深度 a_p / mm	3
切削宽度 a_e / mm	0.5
重复试验次数 N	5

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表 2 磨棒磨损试验参数设置

Table 2. Grinding rod wear test parameter setting

参数	取值
主轴转速 n₂ / (r·min⁻¹)	25 000
进给速度 v_f / (mm·min⁻¹)	10
切削深度 a_p / mm	3
切削宽度 a_e / mm	0.1

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表 3 工艺试验参数设置

Table 3. Process test parameter setting

试验参数	试验设置
主轴转速 n / (r·min⁻¹)	10 000，15 000，20 000， 25 000
进给速度 v_f / (mm·min⁻¹)	10，18，26，34
切削深度 a_p / mm	3
切削宽度 a_e / mm	0.2

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