多元纳米颗粒强化WC–青铜基金刚石钻头胎体材料

常思; 刘宝昌; 戴文昊; 涅斯科罗姆尼赫·维亚切斯拉夫; 佩特涅夫·帕维尔; 波波娃·玛丽娜

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2021.3003

多元纳米颗粒强化WC–青铜基金刚石钻头胎体材料

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2021.3003

1.
吉林大学建设工程学院，长春 130026
2.
吉林大学，超硬材料国家重点实验室，长春130012
3.
吉林大学，自然资源部复杂条件钻采技术重点实验室，长春130026
4.
西伯利亚联邦大学矿物勘探技术系，俄罗斯克拉斯诺亚尔斯克660095

详细信息

作者简介:
常思：

通讯作者:
刘宝昌，男，1975年生，教授、博士生导师。主要研究方向：钻探用超硬复合材料及钻头等。E-mail：liubc@jlu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG74
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-13
- 修回日期: 2022-02-09
- 录用日期: 2022-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-13

Properties of WC-bronze based matrix material for diamond bit reinforced by multielement nanoparticles

1.
College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Drilling and Exploitation Technology in Complex Conditions of Ministry of Natural Resources, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
4.
Department of Mineral Exploration Technology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660095, Russia

摘要

摘要: 为提高孕镶金刚石钻头胎体性能，使其更好地满足钻探需求，向WC–青铜基胎体材料中加入纳米NbC和纳米WC颗粒，研究其对胎体力学性能、微观结构的影响。利用配方均匀设计法、回归分析和规划求解得到纳米颗粒的最优添加量，并烧制钻头开展室内钻进试验。结果表明：加入纳米NbC和纳米WC后，WC–青铜基胎体材料的硬度和抗弯强度最高提高25.23%和5.73%；含金刚石的胎体材料的耐磨性明显增强，其磨耗比最高升高57.4%；金刚石与胎体之间结合得更加紧密。纳米颗粒强化后的孕镶金刚石钻头的机械钻速提高19.63%，单位进尺工作层消耗减少32.84%，说明纳米颗粒能强化孕镶金刚石钻头，提高其钻进效率，并延长钻头寿命。
- 纳米颗粒 /
- 配方均匀设计 /
- 弥散强化 /
- 孕镶金刚石钻头
Abstract: Nano-NbC and nano-WC were added to the WC-bronze based matrix to improve the performance of the matrix of the impregnated diamond bit. The uniform design method, regression analysis and solver were used to obtain the optimal addition. Laboratory drilling experiments of the strengthened bits were carried out. The results show that after adding nanoparticles, the hardness and the bending strength of the matrix are improved by up to 25.23% and 5.73%. The wear resistance of the diamond composites is significantly increased, with wear ratio increased by up to 57.4%, indicating that the diamond and the matrix are more closely bonded. In conclusion, adding nanoparticles has positive significance on the performance of diamond composites. The mechanical drilling speed of the strengthened bits is 19.63% higher than that of the blank diamond bit, and that the matrix wear is reduced by 32.84%, indicating that the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix can strengthen the drill bit and improve drilling efficiency.
- nanoparticles /
- uniform design of formula /
- dispersion strengthening /
- impregnated diamond bit

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图 1 磨耗比试验示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of wear ratio test

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图 2 含金刚石的胎体材料试样的机械性能

Figure 2. Mechanical properties of the diamond containing composite samples

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图 3 试样的XRD测试结果

Figure 3. XRD test results of the sample

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图 4 含金刚石的胎体材料试样的断口形貌

Figure 4. Fracture morphology of diamond containing composite samples

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表 1 原始胎体配方成分

Table 1. Compositions of initial matrix

组分	质量分数 ω / %
WC	55
锡青铜	35
Ni	5
Mn	5

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表 2 纳米颗粒参数

Table 2. Nanoparticle parameters

名称	平均粒径 d / nm	纯度 ω₀ / %	密度 ρ / (g·cm⁻³)	颜色
纳米NbC	80	>99.9	7.6	黑褐色
纳米WC	80	>99.9	15.5	黑色

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表 3 有约束的配方均匀设计

Table 3. Limited formula uniform design

编号	1	6	c₁	c₂	$ {c}_{1}^{\mathrm{*}} $	$ {c}_{2}^{\mathrm{*}} $
1	1	7	0.05	0.65	0.904	0.976
2	2	3	0.15	0.25	0.908	0.971
3	3	10	0.25	0.95	0.912	0.979
4	4	6	0.35	0.55	0.916	0.975
5	5	2	0.45	0.15	0.920	0.970
6	6	9	0.55	0.85	0.924	0.978
7	7	5	0.65	0.45	0.927	0.973
8	8	1	0.75	0.05	0.931	0.969
9	9	8	0.85	0.75	0.935	0.977
10	10	4	0.95	0.35	0.939	0.972

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表 4 胎体配方

Table 4. Matrix formula

编号	x₁/ %	x₂ / %	x₃ / %
1	4.5	2.0	93.5
2	4.3	2.4	93.3
3	4.1	2.8	93.1
4	3.9	2.1	94.0
5	3.7	2.6	93.7
6	3.5	3.0	93.5

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表 5 胎体试样的名称、成分

Table 5. Name and composition of matrix samples

编号	质量分数 ω₁ / %
编号	纳米NbC	纳米WC	胎体
S0	0	0	100.0
S1	4.5	2.0	93.5
S2	4.3	2.4	93.3
S3	4.1	2.8	93.1
S4	3.9	2.1	94.0
S5	3.7	2.6	93.7
S6	3.5	3.0	93.5

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表 6 胎体试样的机械性能

Table 6. Mechanical properties of matrix samples

编号	硬度 HRC	抗弯强度 σ / MPa
S0	30.04	860.52
S1	32.59	758.59
S2	34.56	864.34
S3	35.71	909.87
S4	35.50	682.47
S5	37.12	742.43
S6	37.62	733.66

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表 7 含金刚石的胎体材料试样名称、成分

Table 7. Name and composition of the matrix material sample containing diamond

编号	质量分数 ω₂ / %
编号	纳米NbC	纳米WC	胎体
SD0	0	0	100.0
SD1	3.0	2.0	95.0
SD2	5.0	3.0	92.0

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表 8 钻头结构参数

Table 8. Structural parameters of bits

名称	数值
外径 D₁ / mm	60.0
内径 D₂ / mm	41.5
工作层高 h₁ / mm	6.0
非工作层高 h₂ / mm	6.0
水口高 h₃ / mm	8.0
水口宽 b₁ /mm	6.0
水口数 n	6

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表 9 钻进试验数据表

Table 9. Drilling experiment data

钻头类型	钻进进尺 l / mm	钻进时间 t / min	机械钻速 v / (mm·s⁻¹)	工作层磨损 d / mm	单位进尺工作层消耗 d₀ / (mm·m⁻¹)
传统钻头	1 060	10.82	1.63	0.50	0.472
强化钻头	1 200	10.28	1.95	0.38	0.317

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