Abstract: Using Ti, Al, graphite and diamond powder as raw materials, the titanium-aluminum-carbon bond/diamond composite material was prepared by the microwave-induced thermal explosion method, and the effect of diamond content and particle size on the phase composition and microscopic morphology of the composite material was studied. The results show that under a nitrogen atmosphere, the raw material powder undergoes thermal explosion reaction, which can generate Ti₂AlC, Ti₃AlC₂, TiC, TiN, AlN and Al₃Ti phases. When a lower diamond content or a thicker diamond is used, it is easy to obtain more titanium, aluminum, and carbon content in the product, and the interface between the matrix and the diamond is denser. The content and particle size of diamond have a significant effect on the wear ratio performance of composite materials. With the increase of diamond content or particle size, the wear specific properties of the samples increased significantly. When the mass fraction of diamond (170/200) is 30%, the wear ratio of the sample reaches 53.8. Higher diamond content or coarser particle size can promote the significant improvement of the grinding performance of the composite material.