Effect of cylindrical longitudinal grinding process on surface integrity of 18CrNiMo7–6 steel
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摘要: 为了探究工件转速 nw 、磨削深度 ap和纵向进给速度 vf等磨削工艺参数对18CrNiMo7–6钢表面粗糙度和表层残余应力的影响，用端面外圆磨床开展其单因素外圆纵向磨削试验。结果表明：随着nw的增大，工件表面粗糙度Ra先减小后增大，当nw为120 r/min时，Ra达到最小值，此时工件表面的残余压应力最大；当nw大于120 r/min时，工件表面残余应力出现起伏。随着ap的增大，工件表面粗糙度Ra先减小后增大，工件表面残余拉应力随着磨削深度的增大而增大。随着vf的增大，工件表面粗糙度 Ra先减小后增大，当vf为210 mm/min时，Ra值最小；且随vf的增大，工件表面残余压应力逐渐减小，并最终转变为逐渐增大的残余拉应力。
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关键词:
- 外圆纵向磨削 /
- 磨削工艺 /
- 表面粗糙度 /
- 残余应力 /
- 18CrNiMo7–6钢
Abstract: In order to explore the influence of the grinding process parameters on the surface roughness and surface layer residual stress of 18CrNiMo7–6 steel, the cylindrical longitudinal grinding experiment was carried out by using an end cylindrical grinder. With using the workpiece speed nw, grinding depth ap and longitudinal feed speed vf, the single-factor experimental research is carried out. The research results show that with the increase of nw, the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece decreases first and then increases. When nw is 120 r/min, the surface roughness Ra reaches the minimum value, and the surface residual compressive stress value is the largest at this condition, and when nw is greater than 120 r/min, the surface residual stress exists fluctuation. With the increase of ap, the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece decreases first and then increases, and the tensile stress influence on the surface layer of the workpiece increases with the increase of the grinding depth. The surface roughness Ra first decreases and then increases with the increase of vf. When vf is 210 mm/min, the surface roughness value Ra is the smallest. With the increase of vf, the residual compressive stress of the surface layer gradually decreases and gradually changes to increasing residual tensile stress. -
图 7 工件转速对工件表面残余应力的影响
Figure 7. Effect of workpiece speed on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
图 8 工件转速对工件表层残余应力的影响
Figure 8. Effect of workpiece speed on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
图 9 磨削深度对工件表面残余应力的影响
Figure 9. Effect of grinding depth on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
图 10 磨削深度对工件表层残余应力的影响
Figure 10. Effect of grinding depth on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
图 11 纵向进给速度对工件表面残余应力的影响
Figure 11. Effect of longitudinal feed speed on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
图 12 纵向进给速度对工件表层残余应力的影响
Figure 12. Effect of longitudinal feed speed on the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece
表 1 18CrNiMo7–6材料化学成分组成
Table 1. Chemical composition of 18CrNiMo7–6 material
成分 质量分数 ω / % C 0.15～0.21 Si 0.15～0.40 Mn 0.60～0.90 P <0.02 Cr 1.50～1.80 Ni 1.40～1.70 Mo 0.25～0.35 Fe <96.00 
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表 2 18CrNiMo7–6钢力学性能
Table 2. Mechanical properties of 18CrNiMo7–6 steel
屈服强度
Rs / (N·mm−2)抗拉强度
Rm / (N·mm−2)延伸率
δ / %收缩率
ψ / %1 016 1 220 14 68
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表 3 外圆磨削试验单因素试验参数
Table 3. Single factor test parameters of cylindrical grinding test
条件编号 工件转速
nw / (r·min−1)磨削深度
ap / μm纵向进给速度
vf / (mm·min−1)1 80,100,120,140,160 15 120 2 100 10,15,20,25,30 150 3 80 20 120,150,180,210,240
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