Abstract: In order to explore the influence of grinding wheel surface abrasive state on grinding vibration and improve grinding quality, a grinding vibration model was constructed and the corresponding relationship between grinding particle state, contact rigidity and grinding vibration was deduced. Dressing-grinding experiments were carried out to analyze and verify the effects of different abrasive states on the vibration signal RMS and the surface corrugation characteristics W_a.The results show that without affecting the sharpness of the grinding wheel, the AH value of the grinding wheel representing the exposure height of abrasive particles decreases by about 58%, while the RMS value and W_a value decrease by about 47% and 57%, respectively.At the same abrasive exposure height, the ratio of abrasives passivation is about 20%, while RMS and W_a are reduced by about 22% and 30%, respectively. Meanwhile, the appropriate reduction of the abrasive exposure height and the appropriate passivation of the abrasive are helpful to increase the contact area between the abrasive and the workpiece, improve the grinding vibration and improve the grinding quality. The proposed grinding vibration model is in agreement with the experimental results.