cBN-Fe磁性磨粒的制备工艺及性能

马雨寒; 张宝瑞; 周长乐; 陈保池; 王大庆; 田鑫; 丁云龙

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0130

cBN-Fe磁性磨粒的制备工艺及性能

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0130

辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院, 辽宁鞍山 114051

基金项目: 辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费（2019LNQN01）；辽宁省科技厅博士启动经费（2021-BS-241）。

详细信息

作者简介:
丁云龙，男，1988年生，博士、副教授。主要研究方向：精密加工与特种加工。E-mail：dylustl@163.com

中图分类号: TG73; TG58; TQ164
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-15
- 修回日期: 2022-11-30
- 录用日期: 2022-12-09
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-30

Preparation process and performances of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles

School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, University of Science and Technology, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要:
针对现有烧结法制备的磁性磨粒中研磨相材料硬度较低，对硬度高、导磁性差的钛合金等工件的研磨效果差，且硬度最高的金刚石材料无法作为研磨相用烧结法来制备磁性磨粒的问题，以Fe粉为基体，cBN粉末为研磨相，烧结制备cBN-Fe磁性磨粒；以Ti-6A1-4V（TC4）板为研磨对象，用控制变量法探究烧结法制备的cBN-Fe磁性磨粒中烧结时间、升温速度、原料配比对其研磨性能的影响，确定其最佳的制备工艺参数；并以45^#钢和202不锈钢为研磨工件，比较cBN-Fe与烧结法制备的Al₂O₃-Fe、SiC-Fe 3种磁性磨粒研磨前后工件的表面粗糙度、表面形貌，探究不同磁性磨粒的研磨性能和使用寿命。结果表明：当Fe粉与cBN粉的质量比为3∶1，烧结温度为1150 ℃，烧结时间为6 h，保温时间为2 h，升温速度为3.19 ℃/min时，制备的cBN-Fe磁性磨粒研磨性能最佳，优于烧结法制备的Al₂O₃-Fe、SiC-Fe磁性磨粒的，且其使用寿命分别是Al₂O₃-Fe磁性磨粒和SiC-Fe磁性磨粒的1.6倍和1.3倍。
- 烧结法 /
- 磁性磨粒 /
- 升温速度 /
- 原料配比
Abstract:
In order to solve the problems of low hardness in the grinding phase material of magnetic abrasive particles prepared by the existing sintering method, the grinding effects on high-hardness and poor magnetic conductivity materials, such as titanium alloys, were found to be poor. Additionally, the hardest diamond material could not be used as the grinding phase to prepare magnetic abrasive particles by the sintering method. In this study, the cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were prepared by sintering with Fe powder as the matrix and cBN powder as the grinding phase. The study focused on using Ti-6A1-4V (TC4) plates as the grinding objects, and the effects of sintering time, heating rate and raw material ratio on the grinding performances of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were explored using a control variable method. The aim was to determine the optimal preparation process parameters of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles. Taking 45^# steel and 202 stainless steel as grinding workpieces, the performance of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were compared with that of Al₂O₃-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles, both prepared by the sintering method. The surface roughness and morphology of the workpieces before and after grinding with three kinds of magnetic abrasive particles were compared. Moreover, the grinding performance and service life of different magnetic abrasive particles were investigated. The results show that the best grinding performances for cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles was achieved when using a mass ratio of Fe powder to cBN powder of 3∶1, a sintering temperature of 1150 ℃, a sintering time of 6 h, a holding time of 2 h and a heating rate of 3.19 ℃/min. Furthermore, it is found that the grinding performance of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles is better than that of Al₂O₃-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles prepared by sintering. The service life of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles is 1.6 times and 1.3 times longer than that of Al₂O₃-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles, respectively.
- sintering method /
- magnetic abrasive particles /
- heating rate /
- raw material ratio

HTML全文

图 1 烧结法制备磁性磨粒流程图

Figure 1. Flow chart of preparation of magnetic abrasive particles by sintering

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图 2 磁粒研磨光整加工装置

Figure 2. Magnetic abrasive finishing device

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图 3 磁性磨粒不同体积占比示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of different volume proportions of magnetic abrasive particles

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图 4 磁性磨粒产量与废料比例关系

Figure 4. Relationship between magnetic abrasive grain yield and waste ratio

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图 5 磁性磨粒的原子质量分数和能谱分析图

Figure 5. Atomic mass fraction and energy spectrum analysis of magnetic abrasive particles

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图 6 原料配比对工件表面粗糙度的影响

Figure 6. Effect of raw material ratios on surface roughness of workpiece

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图 7 研磨前后TC4的表面微观形貌

Figure 7. Surface micro morphology of TC4 before and after grinding

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图 8 不同烧结时间下烧结的坯体形貌

Figure 8. Morphologies of green bodies sintered at different sintering times

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图 9 加工时间对工件表面粗糙度的影响

Figure 9. Influence of machining time on surface roughness of workpiece

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图 10 研磨后TC4表面微观形貌

Figure 10. Surface micro morphology of TC4 after grinding

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图 11 磁性磨粒的磁化曲线

Figure 11. Magnetization curves of magnetic abrasive particles

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图 12 45^#钢表面粗糙度随时间的变化

Figure 12. Variation of surface roughness of 45^# steel with times

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图 13 45^#钢研磨前后的表面微观形貌

Figure 13. Surface morphology of 45^# steel before and after grinding

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图 14 磁性磨粒寿命对比分析

Figure 14. Comparative analysis of magnetic abrasive life

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表 1 试验条件

Table 1. Experimental condition

参数	取值
SH-190水基研磨液体积 V / mL	5
主轴转速 n₁ / ( r·min⁻¹)	1 500
工件进给速度 v_w / (mm·s⁻¹)	1
工件转速 n₂ / ( r·min⁻¹)	10
加工间隙 d / mm	2

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表 2 3种磁性磨粒制备参数

Table 2. Three preparation parameters of magnetic abrasive particles

参数名称	取值
cBN-Fe质量比 R₁	3∶1
SiC-Fe、Al₂O₃-Fe质量比 R₂	2∶1
cBN-Fe压制力 p₁ / kN	90
SiC-Fe压制力 p₂ / kN	110
Al₂O₃-Fe压制力 p₃ / kN	75
cBN-Fe、SiC-Fe烧结温度 θ₁ / ℃	1 150
Al₂O₃-Fe烧结温度 θ₂ / ℃	1 200
cBN-Fe、SiC-Fe、Al₂O₃-Fe烧结时间 t₁ / h	6
cBN-Fe、Al₂O₃-Fe保温时间 t₂ / h	2
SiC-Fe保温时间 t₃ / h	3

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表 3 3种磁性磨粒铁磁性能对比

Table 3. Comparison of ferromagnetic properties of three kinds of magnetic abrasive grains

名称	饱和磁化强度 M_s /（emu·g⁻¹）	矫顽力 H_c / Oe
cBN-Fe	133.1	52.4
SiC-Fe	92.2	45.7
Al₂O₃-Fe	75.7	93.6

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