金刚石层倒角参数对PDC切削齿性能的影响规律

张素慧; 王传留; 李耿

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2023.0209

金刚石层倒角参数对PDC切削齿性能的影响规律

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2023.0209

张素慧^{1, 2,},
王传留²,
李耿²

1.
煤炭科学研究总院, 北京 100013
2.
中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司, 西安 710077

基金项目: 陕西省重点研发计划（2022GY-146）。

详细信息

作者简介:
张素慧，女，1988年生，博士研究生、助理研究员。主要研究方向：钻探机具性能测试与分析。E-mail：zhangsuhui1221@163.com

中图分类号: TE21；TG74； TQ164
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-26
- 修回日期: 2024-01-03
- 录用日期: 2024-01-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-20

Influence of diamond layer chamfer parameters on performance of PDC cutters

1.
China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
2.
Xi'an Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., China Coal Technology & Engineering Corp., Xi'an 710077, China

摘要

摘要: 聚晶金刚石复合片（polycrystalline diamond compact，PDC）切削齿的综合性能受金刚石层倒角参数的影响较大，特别是其抗冲击性能，但影响规律不明。为探究金刚石层倒角参数对PDC切削齿性能的影响规律，优化PDC切削齿结构并提高PDC钻头的钻进效率，采用目前应用较广的平面型和微弧型PDC切削齿，分别制作0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 mm 4种倒角尺寸和15°、30°、45°3种倒角角度的PDC，得出不同金刚石层倒角参数的PDC切削齿受热后的耐磨性和抗冲击韧性，并对其钻进效率和破损形式进行分析。结果表明：倒角尺寸对PDC耐磨性和抗冲击韧性的影响存在的临界值约为0.3 mm，当倒角尺寸≤0.3 mm时，PDC的磨耗比大、抗冲击韧性低、破损形式多为崩刃；反之倒角尺寸＞0.3 mm时，PDC的磨耗比降低、抗冲击韧性提升近1倍，累计吸收功可达1 000 J以上，且破损形式多为脱层。倒角角度对PDC耐磨性和抗冲击韧性的影响基本为线性关系，即倒角角度越小，磨耗比越大，抗冲击韧性越低。
- PDC切削齿 /
- 金刚石层倒角参数 /
- 综合性能 /
- 破损形式
Abstract: Objectives: The precise control of diamond layer chamfer parameters has a complex influence on the comprehensive performance of PDC cutters. This control not only helps to expand ideas in PDC cutter design but also improves the overall efficiency of drilling tools. To fully analyze the effect of diamond layer chamfer parameters on the performance of PDC cutters, this study examined the correlation between the chamfer size and chamfer angle of the diamond layer and the performance of PDC cutters, namely wear resistance, impact toughness, drilling efficiency, and damage forms. It provided a scientific basis for optimizing the structure of PDC cutters to enhance the operational efficiency and reliability of PDC bits under complex geological conditions. Methods: The study combined experimental research and theoretical analysis. Two types of PDC cutters, planar type and micro-arc type, which are widely used in the market at present, were selected as experimental objects. Samples with different chamfer sizes (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mm) and chamfer angles (15°, 30°, 45°) were prepared using precision machining techniques. The samples were systematically heat-treated to simulate the actual welding process before testing, and the performance of the PDC cutters was evaluated by analyzing wear resistance, impact toughness, and drilling efficiency. Additionally, the interaction between the PDC cutter and rock was simulated by turning experiments, and the wear area and the damage forms were observed, measured, and analyzed using a microscope. Results: The experimental results revealed the influence of diamond chamfer parameters on the performance of PDC cutters. On the one hand, the chamfer size had a critical value of about 0.3 mm. When the chamfer size was less than or equal to this critical value, the wear ratio of PDC cutters was high, the grinding time was short, the energy level of breakage was low, impact toughness was low, and the primary form of damage was broken edges, which adversely affected the service life and drilling efficiency of the cutter. When the chamfer size exceeded the critical value, the PDC cutter wear ratio decreased, the grinding time increased, the damage energy level was high, impact toughness nearly doubled, the accumulated absorbed energy reached more than 1 000 J, and the predominant damage form was delamination, effectively extending the service life of the cutter. On the other hand, the influence of chamfer angle on the wear resistance and impact toughness of PDC cutters exhibited a linear relationship. As the chamfer angle increased, the wear ratio of PDC cutters gradually decreased, the wear area increased, indicating a decrease in wear resistance, and impact toughness increased correspondingly. In addition, the influence of the PDC cutter's shape on wear resistance and impact toughness was similar to that of the chamfer angle, namely, planar cutters had a high wear ratio and short grinding time, while micro-arc cutters had a reduced wear ratio but improved impact toughness. This provided an important basis for optimizing the chamfer angle and designing the shape structure of PDC cutters. By moderately increasing the chamfer angle or adopting a camber design, the comprehensive performance of the cutter could be improved to a certain extent. Conclusions: Through systematic experiments and analysis, the effect of diamond chamfer parameters on the comprehensive performance of PDC cutters is revealed. Especially, the discovery of the critical value of chamfer size provides guidance for the optimal design of PDC cutters. The fine regulation of diamond layer chamfer parameters presents a new approach to improving the performance of PDC cutters. In the development and production of PDC bits, the influence of these parameters should be fully considered. The performance of PDC cutters can be optimized by accurately regulating the chamfer size, chamfer angle, and shape structure, thereby further enhancing the drilling efficiency and service life of PDC bits.
- PDC cutter /
- diamond layer chamfer parameters /
- comprehensive performance /
- damage form

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图 1 PDC切削齿外形及金刚石层倒角参数

Figure 1. Shape of PDC cutters and chamfer parameters of diamond layer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同倒角参数PDC切削齿的磨耗比

Figure 2. Wear ratio of PDC cutters with different chamfer parameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 A型PDC切削齿的磨损面积

Figure 3. Wear area of A-type PDC cutters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同倒角参数PDC切削齿的磨削时间

Figure 4. The grinding time of PDC cutters with different chamfer parameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验方案

Table 1. Experiment scheme

编号	倒角参数	编号	倒角参数
1#	A型，45°，0.2 mm	7#	B型，45°，0.2 mm
2#	A型，45°，0.3 mm	8#	B型，45°，0.3 mm
3#	A型，45°，0.4 mm	9#	B型，45°，0.4 mm
4#	A型，45°，0.5 mm	10#	B型，45°，0.5 mm
5#	A型，15°，0.4 mm	11#	B型，15°，0.4 mm
6#	A型，30°，0.4 mm	12#	B型，30°，0.4 mm

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同倒角参数PDC切削齿的吸收功及破损形式

Table 2. The absorb energy and the damage forms of PDC cutters with different chamfer parameters

编号	倒角参数	10 J	20 J	30 J	40 J	50 J	累计吸收功 A / J	破损形式
编号	倒角参数	冲击次数 n					累计吸收功 A / J	破损形式
1#	A型，45°，0.2 mm	10	10	6			480	崩刃
2#	A型，45°，0.3 mm	10	10	7			510	脱层
3#	A型，45°，0.4 mm	10	10	10	10	1	1050	脱层
4#	A型，45°，0.5 mm	10	10	10	5		800	脱层
5#	A型，15°，0.4 mm	10	7				240	崩刃
6#	A型，30°，0.4 mm	10	10	10	10	3	1150	脱层
7#	B型，45°，0.2 mm	10	4				180	崩刃
8#	B型，45°，0.3 mm	10	10	6			480	崩刃
9#	B型，45°，0.4 mm	10	10	10	10	5	1250	脱层
10#	B型，45°，0.5 mm	10	10	10	10	2	1100	脱层
11#	B型，15°，0.4 mm	10	10	5			450	脱层
12#	B型，30°，0.4 mm	10	10	10	6		840	脱层

下载: 导出CSV

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