Experimental study on grinding force in axial feed grinding of cemented carbide with diamond grinding wheel
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摘要: 为研究金刚石砂轮轴向进给磨削硬质合金时的磨削力，建立轴向力与法向力、切向力的转化模型；测量不同工艺参数下的磨削力变化；分析工艺参数对法向力、切向力、轴向力的影响规律并建立磨削力的经验公式。结果表明：在轴向进给磨削过程中，最大的磨削力是法向力，而轴向力略小于切向力。砂轮线速度对3个方向的磨削力的影响大致相同。磨削深度对法向、切向及轴向3个方向的磨削力的影响明显不同。进给速度对3个方向磨削力的影响不显著。Abstract: In order to study the grinding force of diamond wheel in axial feed grinding of cemented carbide, the transformation models of horizontal grinding force, vertical grinding force, normal force and tangential force are established, the variation of grinding force under different process parameters was measured, the effects of process parameters on normal force, tangential force and axial force are analyzed, the empirical formula of grinding force is established. The results show that in the process of axial feed grinding, the maximum grinding force is the normal force, and the axial force is slightly less than the tangential force. The influence of grinding wheel linear speed on grinding force in three directions is roughly the same. The influence of grinding depth on grinding force in three directions is obviously different. The effect of feed rate on grinding force is not significant.
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Key words:
- axial feed grinding /
- cemented carbide /
- grinding force /
- empirical formula
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图 6 磨削力原始信号
Figure 6. Original signal of grinding force
（$ {v}_{\mathrm{s}} $=25.13 m/s，$ {v}_{\mathrm{f}} $=55 mm/min，$ {a}_{\mathrm{p}} $=0.30 mm）
图 7 磨削力滤波信号
Figure 7. Filtered signal of grinding force
（$ {v}_{\mathrm{s}} $=25.13 m/s，$ {v}_{\mathrm{f}} $=55 mm/min，$ {a}_{\mathrm{p}} $=0.3 mm）
表 1 GU20机械物理性能
Table 1. Mechanical and physical properties of GU20
主要参数 取值 WC晶粒度 d50 / μm 0.7 密度 ρ / (g·mm−3) 14.5 弹性模量 E / GPa 525 硬度 91.9 HRA 抗弯强度 σ / MPa 3800 比热 c / (J·kg−1·K−1) 950 导热率 K / (W·m−1·K−1) 110 热膨胀系数 λ / (K−1) 5×10−6 
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表 2 硬质合金磨削工艺参数表
Table 2. Cemented carbide grinding process parameters
工艺参数 取值 砂轮线速度 $ {v}_{{\rm{s}}} $ / (m·s−1) 25.13，35.60，46.08，56.55 磨削深度 $ {a}_{{\rm{p}}} $ / mm 0.15，0.20，0.25，0.30 轴向进给速度 $ {v}_{{\rm{f}}} $ / (mm·min−1) 40，45，50，55
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表 3 磨削深度对磨削力变化幅度的影响
Table 3. Effect of grinding depth on variation of grinding forces
磨削深度
$ {a}_{\mathrm{p}} $ / mm法向力降幅
ΔFn / N切向力降幅
ΔFt / N轴向力降幅
ΔFa / N0.15 106.30 54.32 4.89 0.20 143.67 67.61 11.11 0.25 143.67 68.43 13.84 0.30 147.76 68.66 20.09
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